Hypersonic vehicle aerodynamic design using modified sequential approximate optimization

Hypersonic vehicles are receiving increased attention within the aerospace community due to their high cruise speed and long-range capabilities. In this paper, a modified Sequential Approximate Optimization method is proposed for an optimized aerodynamic design of a hypersonic vehicle. As part of this approach, a constrained experimental design method is developed to handle the constraints more efficiently. A radial basis function is used to surrogate time-consuming CFD analysis. An efficient and more robust numerical mesh morphing scheme for the hypersonic vehicle is developed for the generation of high-quality meshes. Within this paper, a novel adaptive infilling strategy is proposed which uses an inaccurate search technique coupled with an elite archive. This allows the location of a more promising sample region and hence improves the surrogate accuracy, thereby further enhancing the optimization efficiency. A hypersonic vehicle aerodynamic design problem is solved using the proposed approach and satisfactory results are obtained at much lower computational costs. The lift-to-drag ratio is increased by 23.8% when compared with the base configuration while also satisfying the volume and lift constraints. The pressure and Mach contours have been compared with those of the base configuration and the results demonstrate the strength of the optimized configuration. The modified sequential approximate optimization for designing an improved hypersonic vehicle is worth referencing in future work.     

静电电磁脉冲辐射场诱发针-球电极结构放电试验

针对当前国内外诱发静电放电（ESD）研究较少的实际情况，为了解自然环境下静电放电辐射场诱发放电的基本特性，进一步分析诱发放电的特征规律，建立了大气条件下诱发放电试验系统。主要采取理论分析、试验验证的方式，对静电放电辐射场诱发针-球电极结构放电的基本规律进行摸索，初步得出了诱发放电的基本规律。研究结果表明：在外界条件一定的情况下，随着辐射场强的不断增大，放电重复频率不断增大；在辐射场强一定的情况下，随着高压源电压的不断增大，诱发放电重复频率不断增大；在外界环境条件一定的情况下，能够确定该条件下的诱发放电唯一阈值。这些试验规律的取得，为真空条件下的诱发放电特性研究提供了试验方法和理论依据，对开展航天器运行环境中的诱发放电研究和防护方法设计具有重要意义。     

基于参数优化的截尾序贯检验法

截尾序贯概率比检验法和序贯网图检验法（SMT）是在序贯概率比检验法（SPRT）的基础上发展起来的2种方法,可进一步控制试验次数。但是这些截尾序贯方法的停止边界仍有待优化,本文以最常见的截尾SPRT为例,说明决定停止边界的参数的取值直接影响了最大试验样本量,且存在最佳取值。并以此为基础,对SMT和传统的SPRT进行了综合比较,发现截尾SMT并不优于传统的截尾SPRT,它不过是一种广义形式的截尾序贯检验法,SPRT的研究重点应该是截尾形式的构造。最后本文提供了一种曲线形式的截尾序贯检验法.     

Numerical studies of static aeroelastic effects on grid fin aerodynamic performances

The grid fin is an unconventional control surface used on missiles and rockets. Although aerodynamics of grid fin has been studied by many researchers, few considers the aeroelastic effects.In this paper, the static aeroelastic simulations are performed by the coupled viscous computational fluid dynamics with structural flexibility method in transonic and supersonic regimes. The developed coupling strategy including fluid–structure interpolation and volume mesh motion schemes is based on radial basis functions. Results are presented for a vertical and a horizontal grid fin mounted on a body. Horizontal fin results show that the deformed fin is swept backward and the axial force is increased. The deformations also induce the movement of center of pressure, causing the reduction and reversal in hinge moment for the transonic flow and the supersonic flow,respectively. For the vertical fin, the local effective incidences are increased due to the deformations so that the deformed normal force is greater than the original one. At high angles of attack, both the deformed and original normal forces experience a sudden reduction due to the interference of leeward separated vortices on the fin. Additionally, the increment in axial force is shown to correlate strongly with the increment in the square of normal force.     

基于非结构自适应网格和嵌入边界法的残差格式研究

嵌入边界法由于在求解NS方程时能够简化网格生成问题而在计算流体领域受到越来越广泛的关注.简言之,嵌入边界法能够简化大变形和运动条件下多物理流动模拟、流固相互作用耦合问题,然而壁面边界条件的精确处理仍旧是该方法需要解决的问题.在本文工作中,为考虑壁面边界条件而在NS方程中增加了补偿项,同时采用非结构网格自适应技术保持了壁面边界条件的精度.     

铜铬复合电极电火花小孔加工机理及试验研究

电火花小孔加工中存在工具电极损耗严重、加工速度慢、棱角变钝出现锥度等问题。分析其存在问题的原因,提出采用铜铬复合电极进行电火花小孔加工。分析其加工机理并进行实验,实验结果表明:采用铜铬复合电极进行小孔加工比采用铜电极进行小孔加工能显著提高加工速度,减小锥度和电极相对损耗。     

复杂流道类零件电火花精加工的设计研究

首先叙述了复杂流道类零件电火花精加工电极设计的基本原理 ,根据流道曲面创成中形成共轭曲面的基本条件 ,利用微分几何中曲率干涉的概念设计了无干涉电火花精加工电极 ,同时得到了共轭曲面创成过程中精加工电极的运动轨迹和位姿 ,完成了一类特殊的CAD/CAM软件设计。最后用实例仿真验证了所提出的复杂流道曲面创成思想的正确性及精加工电极设计的可行性。     

精密微型方孔的加工

分析了微型方孔的加工难点,介绍加工微型方孔所用电极的设计、制造及加工工艺。     

镉镍蓄电池中氢氧化镍电极的研究进展

从镍电极的反应机理、应用、制备方法及其活性物质、添加剂等方面，对镉镍蓄电池中的氢氧化镍电极进行了较详细的介绍。指出：通过改变镍电极的制备方法，控制氢氧化镍的晶形结构，以及添加钴、锂等元素，可以有效改善镍电极的电化学性能，从而进一步拓展镍电极在航天领域的应用。     

弹性变形金属的力学化学效应与腐蚀过程相关性的研究

１根据力学，热力学、电化学的原理，就弹性变形对金属热力势和电机电势的影响，从而加速金属腐蚀的问题，进行了详细的理论分析与探讨。